Description

The HI88713 Precision ISO Turbidity Benchtop Meter is specially designed for water quality measurements, providing reliable and accurate readings, even within low turbidity ranges. The instrument is based on a state-of-the-art optical system which guarantees accurate results, assures long term stability, and minimizes stray light and color interferences. Periodic calibration with the supplied standards compensates for any variations in intensity of the tungsten lamp. The 25 mm round cuvettes composed of special optical glass guarantee the repeatability of turbidity measurements.

Features at-a-glance:

Four Measurement Modes – The HI88713 features four options for turbidity measurement: FNU (Formazin Nephelometric Units), FAU (Formazin Attenuation Units), and NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) ratio and non-ratio mode. Turbidity ranges for each mode are 0.00 to 1000 FNU, 10.0 to 4000 FAU, 0.00 to 4000 NTU (ratio mode), and 0.00 to 1000 NTU (non-ratio mode).

Multiple Turbidity Units of Measure – Turbidity can be read as Formazin Nephelometric Units (FNU), Formazin Attenuation Units (FAU), European Brewing Convention units (EBC), and Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU).

ISO Compliant – The HI88713 meets and exceeds the requirements of ISO 7027 method for turbidity measurements by use of an infrared LED light source.

Calibration – The HI88713 has a powerful calibration function that compensates for variation in light intensity. The calibration can be done using the supplied calibration solutions or user-prepared standards. A two, three, four, or five-point turbidity calibration can be performed by using the supplied (<0.10, 15, 100, 750 FNU, and 2000 NTU) standards. Calibration points can be modified if user-prepared standards are used.

AMCO AEPA-1 Primary Turbidity Standard – The AMCO AEPA-1 supplied standards are recognized as a primary standard by the USEPA. These non-toxic standards are made of styrene divinylbenzene polymer spheres that are uniform in size and density. The standards are reusable and stable with a long shelf life.

GLP Data – The HI88713 features complete GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) functions that allow traceability of the calibration conditions. Data includes calibration points, date, and time.

Data Logging – Up to 200 measurements can be stored in the internal memory and recalled at any time.

Data Transfer – For further storage or analysis options, logged data can be downloaded to a Windows compatible PC using the USB port and the HI92000 software.

Tutorial Mode –  The unique tutorial mode provides additional information to help the user during measurements. When enabled, the instrument displays explanations and a confirmation button when a preparation or other operation has to be performed.

Contextual Help – Contextual help is always available through a dedicated HELP button. Clear tutorial messages and directions are available on-screen to quickly and easily guide users through setup and calibration.  The help information displayed is relative to the setting/option being viewed.

Backlit Graphic LCD Display – A graphic LCD display provides an easy to understand, user-friendly interface. All messages are in plain text making them easy to read.

Turbidity is one of the most important parameters used to determine the quality of drinking water. Once considered as a mostly aesthetic characteristic of drinking water, signi˜ficant evidence exists that controlling turbidity is a competent safeguard against pathogens. In natural water, turbidity measurements are taken to gauge general water quality and its compatibility in applications involving aquatic organisms. The monitoring and treatment or wastewater was once solely based on the control of turbidity. Currently, the measurement of turbidity at the end of the wastewater treatment process is necessary to verify that the values are within regulatory standards.

Turbidity of water is an optical property that causes light to be scattered and absorbed, rather than transmitted. The scattering of light that passes through a liquid is primarily caused by the suspended solids present. The higher the turbidity, the greater the amount of scattered light. Even a very pure liquid will scatter light to a certain degree, as no solution will have zero turbidity.

The ISO standard for turbidity measurement uses infrared wavelength of light that is outside the visible spectrum. The primary benefit of the ISO method over the EPA method is the reduction of color interference. The EPA method uses a tungsten lamp that produces light that contains all of the visible wavelengths of light that we see as white. A solution that is colored will be adsorbed by a complementary wavelength of light which will affect the turbidity reading. Since the ISO method is outside the visible wavelength of light the color in the sample does not interfere with the measurement. The USEPA prefers the tungsten lamp since it provides for better accuracy at low ranges and drinking water should not be colored. The requirements of an optical turbidity meter according to ISO 7027 are dependent on the measurement range. The measurement of diffuse radiation is typically for low range turbidity measurements (i.e. drinking water) with measurements expressed as formazin nephelometric units (FNU). The measurement of attenuation of radiant flux is for highly turbid samples (i.e. polluted water) and the measurements are expressed as formazin attenuation units (FAU). The design criteria for each method are:

Measurement of diffuse radiation for water with low turbidity (0 FNU to 40 FNU)

• The wavelength of the incident radiation shall be 860 nm
• The spectral bandwidth of the incident radiation shall be less than or equal to 60 nm
• There shall be no divergence from parallelism of the incident radiation and any convergence shall not exceed 1.5o.
• The measuring angle, theta, between the optical axis of the incident radiation and that of the diffused radiation shall be 90o +/- 2.5o.
• The aperture angle should be between 20o and 30o in the water sample.

Measurement of attenuation of radiant flux for highly turbidity (40 FAU to 4000 FAU)

• The wavelength of the incident radiation shall be 860 nm
• The spectral bandwidth of the incident radiation shall be less than or equal to 60 nm
• There shall be no divergence from parallelism of the incident radiation and any convergence shall not exceed 2.5o.
• The measuring angle of the incident radiation and that of the diffuse radiation shall be 0o +/- 2.5o.
• The aperture angle should be between 10o and 20o in the water sample.

The HI88713 meets and exceeds the meter criteria speci˜ed by ISO 7027.

Principal of Operation

The light beam that passes through the sample is scattered in all directions. The intensity and pattern of the scattered light is a‰ffected by many variables, such as wavelength of the incident light, particle size and shape, refractive index, and color. The optical system of the HI88713 includes a LED, a scattered light detector (90°) and a transmitted light detector (180°). Which detectors are used are based on the measurement mode.

In the non-ratio turbidimeter range, the NTU and FNU values are calculated from the signal on the scattered light detector (90°).

In FAU mode the turbidity is calculated from the signal that reaches the transmitted light detector.

In the ratio turbidimeter range, the microprocessor of the instrument calculates the NTU value from both the scattered and transmitted light detectors. An eff‰ective algorithm is used to correct and compensate for interferences of color.

The lower detection limit of a turbidimeter is determined by stray light that is detected by the sensors but not caused by light scattering from suspended particles. The optical system of the HI88713 is designed to have very low stray light, providing highly accurate results for low turbidity samples.

The HI88713-11 AMCO AEPA-1 standards ensure that measurements are traceable to a primary reference materials. These standards are used for calibration and performance verification of the turbidity meter.

Supplied with Certificate of Analysis

• Lot number
• Expiration date
• Standard value @ 25 ^°C
• Reference meter NIST traceable

Provided storage containers

• Light tight
• Protects from accidental breakage